Sunday, January 22, 2012

Arrays And Functions


ARRAYS AND FUNCTIONS
The entire array can be passed on to a function in C++. An array name can be used as an argument for the function declaration. No subscripts or square brackets are required to invoke a function using arrays.
     The following program illustrates how to invoke a function using an array declaration.
      #include <iostream.h>
     #defince MAX 100
     void main (void)
     {
          int sumarray (int a[], int n);
          int a [MAX];
          int sum;



          
          sum = sumarray (a,n);
      }
      int sumarray (int x[], int max)
      {
           //local variable declaration, if any



              
 //body of the function
          return (value);
       }
PROGRAM
A program to read a set of numbers from the keyboard and sort out the given array of elements in ascending order using a function.
     //example 5.5
    #include <iostream.h>
    #define MAX 100
    int a [MAX]
    #include <iostream.h>
    void main (void)
    {
         void input (void); //function declaration
         input ();
     }
     void input ()
     {
         void input (int a[], int n);
         int short (int a[], int n);
         int a [MAX];
         int n;
         cout << “How many numbers are in the array ? “ << endl;
         cin >> n;
         cout << “Enter the elements “ << endl;
         for (int i = 0; i <= n-1; ++i)  {
              cin >> a[i];
              }
         cout << “Unsorted array” << endl;
         output (a,n);
         sort (a,n);
         cout << endl;
         cout << “Sorted array “ << endl;
         output (a,n);
     } 
     void output (int a[], int n)
     {
         cout << endl;
         for (int i = 0; i <= n-1; ++i)  {
               cout << a[i] << ‘\t’;
               }
      }
      int sort (int a[], int n)
      {
           int temp;
           for (int i = 0; i <= n-1; ++i)  {
                 for (int j = 0; j <= n-2; ++j)
                       if (a[i] < a[j])  {
                          temp = a[i];
                          a[i]   = a[j];
                          a[j]   = temp;
                       }
                 }
        } // end of sorting
Output of the above program
          How many numbers are in the array ?
        7
        Enter the elements
        11  22  -56  78  -90  44  55
        Unsorted array
        11  22  -56  78  -90  44  55
        Sorted array
        -90  -56  11  22  44  55  78
PROGRAM
A program to read a set of numbers from the keyboard and to find out the sum of all elements of the given array using function.
          //example 5.6
        #include <iostream.h>
        #define MAX 100
        void main (void)
        {
             void output (int a[], int n); // function declaration
             int sumarray (int a[], int n);
             int a [MAX];
             int i,n,sum;
             cout << “how many numbers are in the array ? “ << endl;
             cin >> n;
             cout << “Enter the elements “ << endl;
             for (i = 0; i <= n-1; ++i)  {
                  cin >> a[i];
                  }
             cout << “output from the array” <<endl;
             output (a,n);
             sum = sumarray (a,n);
             cout << endl;
             cout << “som of the values of the array =” << sum;
        }   
        void output (int a[], int n)
        {
             cout << endl;
             for (int i = 0; i <= n-1; ++i)  {
                  cout << a[i] << ‘\t’;
                  }
        }
        int sumarray (int x[] ,int max)
        {
             int value = 0;
             for (int i = 0; i <= max-1; ++i)  {
                  value = value +x[i];
                  }
             return (value);
         }
Output of the above program
     How many numbers are in the array ?
    5
    Enter the elements
    11  23  45  66  77 
    Output from the array
    11  23  45  66  77
    Sum of the values of the array =222

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